States: In comparing primary auditory cortex (A1) response profiles of
Mongolian gerbils while awake and ketamine anesthetized, I
uncovered a non-linear process by which granular layer recurrent
excitation was artificially amplified under ketamine. This was likely
due to biased ketamine inhibition on parvalbumin releasing
interneurons that would normally moderate this.
Scales: To illuminate how microscopic channel dynamics affect
neuronal populations in C57BL/6-based transgenic mice, we
optogenetically clustered the normally very mobile voltage gated
calcium channels (VGCCs) in their pre-synaptic active zones. In single
neurons, this reduces variability and increases neurotransmitter output. I established VGCC clustering across the entire A1 and found
subsequent systemic suppression of neuronal activity in this area.
This demonstrates the necessity of the variability introduced by
VGCC mobility in neuronal populations, despite higher single neuron
output.
Species: I compared A1 laminar activity from seba’s short-tailed bats
and mice. The data revealed that bats had a better signal to noise
ratio in response to repetitive stimuli, a fundamentally different
phase amplitude coupling profile, and less inter-trial phase variability
than mice. This study indicates a divergent evolution via differing
recruitment of shared mammalian laminar cortical architecture.
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